Identification of bacterial genera

Ingredients

	Pectobacterium, Dickeya, Erwinia	Pantoea	Acidovorax	Pseudomonas	Ralstonia	Burkholderia	Xanthomonas	Xylella	Agrobacterium	Clavibacter	Bacillus	Streptomyces
Gram Positive	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	+	+
Anaerobic growth	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
Yellow or Orange on YDC	-	+a	-	-	-	-	+b	+c	-	+d	-	-
Mucoid on YDC at 30 °C	-	-	+	-	+	-	+	-	+	+	ND	-
Fluorescent on KB	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Diffusible non-fluorescent pigment	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-	-	-	-
Urease	-e	-	+	-	+	V	-	+	ND	-	ND	ND
Oxidase	-	-	+	-	+	+f	-	-	+	-	V	+
Growth at 40 °C	-	-	+	-	-	+g	-	-	-	-	+	-
>Peritrichous flagella	+	+	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	V	-
Growth on DIM	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-	-	-
Spores formed	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+	-
Aerial mycelium	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	+

Instructions

• +, 80% or more strains positive after five days
• V, between 21-79% of strains positive
• -, 80% or more strains negative
• ND, not determined.

• a- Colonies of Pantoea citrea and some strains of P. agglomerans are generally white.
• b- Colonies of X. campestris pathovars manihotis and mangiferaeindicae are white.
• c- Xylella grows very slowly on these media, but somewhat better on Difco nutrient agar.
• d- Colonies of Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus are generally white.
• e- Erwinia nigrifluens is positive.
• f- Burkholderia andropogodis is oxidase negative.
• g- Burkholderia andropogodis and B. glumae pv. agricola are negative

References

• Adapted from: Shaad, N. W., Jones, J. B., and Chun, W. 2001 Laboratory Guide for Identification of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria.

3rd Edition.APS Press, St. Paul MN.

Contributed by

From the Culture Media for Plant Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria, University of Massachusetts: Contributed by Robert L. Wick