HPIPM:Sugarbeet Cyst Nematode Sugarbeets
From Bugwoodwiki
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Author: Howard F. Schwartz, David H. Gent, Robert Harveson, Barry Jacobsen, and Martha Mikkelson
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Contents |
Identification and Life Cycle
The sugarbeet cyst nematode, Heterodera schactii, was reported as early as 1907 in Colorado, and 1926 in the North Platte Valley in western Nebraska, and is present in economic threshold levels in most of the older sugarbeet areas in the Central High Plains. H. schactii overwinters as eggs and juveniles and attack plants when moisture is adequate and temperatures exceed 50 F. After juveniles enter root tips, females become lemon-shaped and sedentary. Males enter soil and are attracted to females where fertilization occurs. When female dies, her body hardens and becomes a lemon-shaped cyst, containing approximately 200 eggs, completing the cycle.
Plant Response and Damage
Fields may be uniformly infested or have localized, circular or oval areas of infestation. Early infections result in greater degrees of damage and may kill seedlings and result in poor stands. Young plants infected with H. schactii have elongated petioles and may remain stunted until harvest. Affected older plants have small storage roots, excess fibrous roots, and pronounced yellowing of foliage. The most readily observed sign of infection is the presence of white-plae yellow, lemon-shaped females attached to roots. Damage to plants is greatest a dry summer following a warm, wet spring.
Management Approaches
Biological Control
No biological control strategies have been developed for sugarbeet cyst nematode.
Cultural Control
Do not return tare soil to sugarbeet fields. A combination of rotation with non-host crops (small grains, corn, dry beans, or alfalfa), good weed control, sanitation, and planting a trap crop where practical, will all contribute toward reduction of nematode soil populations.
Chemical Control
| Pesticide | Rate | Preharvest Interval, Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Telone II | 9-12 gal/A | Restricted use; Preplant interval: |
| Soil Fumigant | 26-35 oz/1000 row ft | 1 wk + 1 wk per 10 gal applied |
| Temik 15 G | 27-33 Ib/A | Restricted use; PHI 90 days, 120 days if tops fed to livestock |
| Lock `n Load | 18-22 oz/1000 row ft |
The information herein is supplied with the understanding that no discrimination is intended and that listing of commercial products, necessary to this guide, implies no endorsement by the authors or the Extension Services of Nebraska, Colorado, Wyoming or Montana. Criticism of products or equipment not listed is neither implied nor intended. Due to constantly changing labels, laws and regulations, the Extension Services can assume no liability for the suggested use of chemicals contained herein. Pesticides must be applied legally complying with all label directions and precautions on the pesticide container and any supplemental labeling and rules of state and federal pesticide regulatory agencies. State rules and regulations and special pesticide use allowances may vary from state to state: contact your State Department of Agriculture for the rules, regulations and allowances applicable in your state and locality.
