Stem Decay

From Bugwoodwiki

Hagle, S.K; S. Tunnock; K.E. Gibson; and C.J. Gilligan. 1987. Field Guide to Diseases and Insect Pests of Idaho and Montana Forests. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service. State and Private Forestry, Northern Region. Missoula, Montana. Reprint 1990. Publication Number R1-89-54.

1 Decay in western redcedar --- 2

1' Decay in other species --- 4

2 Decay with small holes (pits), separates into sheets at the annual rings --- Cedar Laminated Butt Rot

2' Brown, red-brown, or yellow-brown decay with tendency for cubical cracking --- 3

3 Decay confined to large and small pockets within heartwood; no conks --- Cedar Brown Pocket Rot

3' Decay involving a central cylinder of heartwood; conk, if present, brown, gold with green or brown underside usually produced on ground --- Schweinitzii Butt Rot

4 Brown to yellow-brown decay cracked into cubes or crumbly --- 5

4' Pitted or stringy, rot not cubical --- 7

5 Dead trees and stumps only; heartwood and sapwood decayed; thin mycelium felts sometimes present in cracks of decay --- Red Belt Fungus

5' Decay restricted to heartwood; live and dead trees decayed --- 6

6 Decay with large cubical racks with thick white felts of mycelium in cracks; large, chalky, white, columnar conk usually present --- Quinine Conk

6' Decay crumbles or powders when rubbed; cubical cracking usually evident, occasionally with thin sheets of dry resin in cracks --- Schweinitzii Root and Butt Rot

7 In true firs, hemlock, occasionally spruces; yellow to orange or brown stringy decay; conks with orange interior often present on bark --- Indian Paint Fungus

7' In all species; not as above --- 8

8 Decay in sapwood only and white or tan, spongy or leathery conks usually present; small (1-2 inches) round, hollow --- Pouch Fungus

8' Heartwood decay with small (less than 1/2 inch) white pockets of decay that have more or less firm wood between the pockets --- 9

9 Decay stringy or somewhat laminate with variable pockets of bleached wood between. Black spots usually present in decay. Butt rot associated with root disease --- Annosus Root Disease

9' Pockets of bleached, decayed wood distinct with red-brown wood between pockets --- 10

10 Decay primarily in roots and butt heartwood. Honeycomb appearance in cross section. Pickets long, spindle shaped. Root disease of lodgepole pine, Engelmann spruce or blue spruce --- Tomentosus Root Disease

10’ Decay primarily in stem heatwood. Obvious white pockets with dark red or yellow-brown wood between; pockets up to about one-half centermeter in diameter with bleached contents. Woody brown and tan conks and punk knots often present --- Pini or Red Ring Rot