Monochamus sartor
From Bugwoodwiki
From: Kolk A., Starzyk J. R., 1996: The Atlas of Forest Insect Pests (Atlas skodliwych owadów lesnych) - Multico Warszawa, 705 pages. Original publication in Polish. English translation provided by Dr. Lidia Sukovata and others under agreement with The Polish Forest Research Institute.
Occurrence: Europe, from the eastern France, Switzerland, the northern Italy and Romania through the central Europe to Ukraine. It occurs mainly in mountains.
Host plants: In Poland, mostly the Norway spruce, also Scots pine, common fir and other conifers.
Morphology: Adults are 15-37 mm long, black. Elytrae are with depression in the basal part. Tip of elytrae is without dense hair. Scutellum is densely covered with yellowish pubescence. Eggs are oval, 4.6-5.4 mm long. Larvae are up to 60 mm. Pupae are white, 15-38 mm long with spirally banded antennae on its ventral side.
Biology: Adults fly from the end of June through August. Adults have maturation feeding feed on shoots and branches in spruce crowns, damaging bark and cambium. After mating, females lay eggs singly in small holes made with mandibles in the bark. Newly hatched larvae feed under the bark, penetrate phloem, cambium and outer sapwood. Galleries are first filled with brown shredded bark, then with white chips of wood. After feeding for a month, larvae bore 18 mm wide tunnels into the wood up to 14 cm in depth. At the end of tunnels, larvae construct pupal chambers. Adults emerge through oval exit holes of 7.5-10 mm in diameter. This species has one generation per one, rarely two years./p>
Damage: M. sartor is a technical pest of spruce. It prefers mountain spruce stands weakened by root fungi or damaged by wind or snow.
Control and preventive measures: Similar to Tetropium castaneum and T. fuscum. Trap trees should be with branches. One month after the flight culmination, tree traps should be debarked.
 Photo by Robert Dzwonkowski, , Bugwood.org |  Photo by Stanislaw Kinelski, , Bugwood.org |
 Photo by Stanislaw Kinelski, , Bugwood.org |  Photo by Stanislaw Kinelski, , Bugwood.org |
 Photo by Stanislaw Kinelski, , Bugwood.org |
